Brake device for headcenter of a gyratory crusher



Oct. 21, 1969 H. w. wm'rER 3,473,743

BRAKE DEVICE FOR HEADCENTER OF A GYRATORY CRUSHER Filed April 5, 1967 zar- 4 V &\\\\\\ a United States Patent O 3,473,743 BRAKE DEVICE FORHEADCENTER OF A GYRATORY CRUSHER Heinz W. Winter, Wauwatosa, Wis.,assignor to Allis- Chalmers Manufacturing Company, Milwaukee, Wis. FiledApr. 3, 1967, Ser. No. 627,997 Int. Cl. B02'c 2/04, 2/10, 25/00 US. Cl.241-208 4 Claims ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE In a gyratory crusher, theheadcenter or crusher head is supported on an eccentric sleeve in suchmanner that rotation of the eccentric sleeve imparts a gyratory movementto the crusher head. To prevent rotation of the crusher head with and inthe same direction as the eccentric sleeve under idling conditions, oneor more selfenergizing brake assemblies are provided. Each brakeassembly comprises a brake shoe supported by and biased by a leaf springor springs. The brake shoe preferably bears against part of thestationary frame structure, such as the stationary dust collar of thecrusher, while the supporting leaf spring is anchored to a portion ofthe gyrating crusher head.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the invention This inventionrelates to gyratory crushers and more particularly to a braking meansfor preventing spinning of the crusher head or headcenter when thecrusher is not under load.

As is well known in the art, the crushing head of a gyratory crusher ismounted on an eccentric sleeve which is rotatably driven to impart agyratory motion to the crushing head within the crushing chamber.

A problem which is frequently encountered in gyratory crushers is thefact that in starting up a crusher and with the crusher substantiallyunder no load, the crusher head will not only gyrate as the eccentricsleeve rotates but will also tend to rotate with the eccentric sleevedue to the bearing drag between the rotating eccentric sleeve and thecrusher head. Thus, for example, the eccentric sleeve may be rotating atsome speed such as 300 r.p.m. and the bearing drag between the unloadedcrusher 'head and the rotating eccentric sleeve may be such that thecrusher head or headcenter will rotate at a speed just slightly lessthan that of the rotating eccentric sleeve. Such spinning rotation ofthe headcenter is undesirable since it causes the rocks and stones whichare being loaded into the crusher to be thrown about and even to bethrown out of the crusher.

However, when the crusher is under load, it is important that thecrusher head be capable of moving relatively slowly in a retrogradedirection with respect to the direction of rotation of the eccentricsleeve.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, it is an object of the presentinvention to provide a braking means for preventing undesirable rotationof the headcenter of an unloaded gyratory crusher.

It is another object of the invention to provide a braking means whichprevents undesirable spinning or rotation of the crusher head,particularly under the starting or unloaded conditions, but whichpermits a retrograde rotation of the crusher head relative to therotating eccentric under load conditions.

In achievement of these objectives, there is provided in accordance withthis invention in combination with a gyratory crusher a self-energizingbrake assembly for 3,473,743 Patented Oct. 21, 1969 ICC preventingrotation Of, the crusher head with the eccentric due to bearing drag,under the idling or no-load condition of the crusher. The brake assemblycomprises a brake shoe supported by and biased by a leaf spring orsprings. The brake shoe preferably bears against a part of thestationary frame structure, such as the stationary dust collar of thecrusher, while the supporting leaf spring is anchored to a portion ofthe gyrating crusher head, and biases the brake shoe into engagementwith the dust collar.

Other objects, advantages and the manner in which such are attained willbe apparent from the following description of the invention withreference to the drawing in which:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWING FIG. 1 is a view in vertical section ofa gyratory crusher provided with braking means in accordance with theinvention;

FIG. 2 is a vie-w in horizontal section taken along line II-II of FIG.1; and

FIG. 3 is a view in horizontal section similar to FIG. 2 but showing amodified mounting arrangement for the braking device.

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENT Referring now to the drawing,there is shown a gyratory crusher generally indicated at 10 including alower frame section 12 and an upper frame section 14. The upper framesection 14 is upwardly open and has secured therein a bowl liner orconcave 16. A crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement and hassecured to the upper surface thereof a crushing mantle 20. A crushingchamber 22 is defined between the facing surfaces of bowl liner 16 andcrusher head mantle 20. A distributor plate 24 is suitably secured tothe upper end of nut 23 which secures crusher mantle 20 to crusher head18. The crusher head 18 is mounted for gyratory movement on an eccentricsleeve 26. A sleeve bearing 28, which may be secured to the innersurface of crusher head 18, is interposed between the crusher head 18and the outer surface of eccentric sleeve 26. Eccentric sleeve 26 ismounted for rotation about an upstanding pedestallike portion 30 whichforms part of the supporting frame. A sleeve bearing 32 is interposedbetween the inner surface of eccentric sleeve 26 and the outer surfaceof the pedestal-like portion 30. A drive gear 34 driven by any suitablesource of power, engages a driven gear 36 carried by eccentric sleeve 26to rotate eccentric sleeve 26, whereby to impart a gyratory movement tocrusher head 18.

A vertically adjustable shaft 38 extends axially upwardly through apassage in pedestal-like portion 30 of the frame and carries on theupper end thereof a bearing 40 which engages a bearing 42 carried by theunder surface of crusher head 18. A hydraulic fluid or the like isadmitted through the passage 44 and pushes upon piston 45 at the lowerend of shaft 38 whereby to provide vertical upward adjusting movement ofthe shaft 38 to adjust the height of crusher head 18.

A dust seal retaining ring structure generally indicated at 46 isprovided and includes an upper retaining ring portion 48 which issecured by bolts or the like to the under horizontal surface portion ofcrusher head 18 and a lower dust seal retaining ring portion 50 which issecured by bolts or the like to the under surface of the radially outerrim portion 51 of the upper dust seal retaining ring portion 48.

The upper retaining ring portion 48 includes an upwardly and radiallyoutwardly inclined surface 49 bounded by downwardly extending outer rimportion 51.

The lower retaining ring portion 50 includes an upwardly and radiallyoutwardly inclined surface 53 which lies parallel to but below theinclined surface 49 of upper retaining ring portion 48 when the partsare assembled. The spaced inclined surfaces 49 and 53 define a groovefor receiving a dust seal ring 56.

A stationary dust collar 52 is rigidly mounted on and extends verticallyupwardly from the upper surface of the radially outer portion of theinner frame member 54. Dust collar 52 is coaxial with the centralvertical axis of the crusher assembly. Dust seal ring 56, which may beformed of any suitable material, such as a suitable plastic material orthe like, is coaxially mounted on the outer surface of a stationary dustcollar 52 and is received in the groove of the dust seal retaining ring46. As the crusher head gyrates during the operation of the crusher, thedust seal retaining ring 46 has a sliding motion relative to the dustseal ring 56, and in succesive moments occupies different radialpositions relative to dust seal ring 56, as can best be seen bycomparing the relative positions of the dust seal retaining ring 46 andthe dust seal ring 56 at the left and right-hand sides of the view ofFIG. 1.

In accordance with the invention, the crusher is provided with means forbraking the crusher head 18 to prevent spinning thereof which iseffective substantially only during the no-load or idling operation ofthe crusher. The crusherhead 18 includes a downwardly dependingskirt-like portions 58, the outer surface of which faces the innersurface of stationary dust collar 52. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1and 2 of the drawing, a groove 60 is provided around the entireperiphery of crusher head skirt portion 58 adjacent but spaced above thelower edge thereof. Two diametrically oppositely located brakeassemblies, each generally indicated at 62, are provided, each brakeassembly comprising a brake shoe 66 supported and activated by a leafspring assembly 63 comprising one or more leaf springs. Each of the leafspring assemblies 63 is anchored by means of a suitable fastening meanssuch as a bolt 64 or the like in the groove 60 of the skirt portion 58of the crusher head. A radially inner portion of the length of each leafspring assembly lies within and is supported by groove 60. Thus, groove60 aids in stabilizing the spring. A further advantage of groove 60 isthe fact that it permits spring 63 to retract for a substantial extentinto the groove in certain positions of the gyrating crusher head 18,thereby reducing the necessity clearance space required for the brakeassembly to a minimum.

Each of the leaf spring assemblies 63 has pivotally secured to theradially outer end thereof a brake shoe 66 which is adapted to bearagainst the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52. The brake shoes66 should be lined with a material having a good coefficient of frictionrelative to an oily surface. The leaf springs 63 are biased to flexradially outwardly into engagement with the inner surface of stationarydust collar 52. In the embodiments shown in the drawing, it is assumedthat the eccentric 26 rotates in a counterclockwise direction shown bythe arrows in FIGS. 2 and 3. When the crusher is operating under no-loadconditions, there is a tendency for the crusher head 18 to rotate in thesame counterclockwise direction as the eccentric 26 and at a speed justslightly less than the rate of rotation of eccentric 26. Each brake shoe66 is biased by its corresponding leaf spring assembly 63 intoengagement with the inner surface of stationary dust collar 52 in such adirection as to oppose any tendency of crusher head 18 to move in acounterclockwise direction. As seen in FIG. 2, it will be noted that thebrake shoe assembly 62 is so mounted that the brake shoe 66 leads thefastening connection 64 of the brake shoe assembly with respect to thedirection of rotation of the crusher head 18 which it is desired tooppose, namely, in this example, the counterclockwise direction ofrotation.

When the crusher is loaded, there is a natural tendency of the crusherhead 18 to move slowly in a direction opposite to the direction ofrotation of the eccentric 26, and the brake shoe assembly 62 does notoppose such retrograde movement.

As will be seen in the view of FIG. 1, the vertical dimension of thestationary dust collar 52 is considerably greater than the verticalheight of the brake shoe 66, so that the crusher head 18 may be adjustedvertically in either an upward or downward direction from the positionshown in FIG. 1 and still have the brake shoe 66 bear against the innersurface of stationary dust collar 52. Similarly, the dust seal 56 maymove up or down with the dust seal retaining ring 46 upon the verticalupward or downward adjusting movement of crusher head 18.

Due to the gyratory motion of the crusher head, the radial distance inany given vertical plane between the dust collar and the adjacent skirtportion 58 of the crusher head is constantly changing. The leaf springassembly 63 which supports the brake shoe 66 accommodates itself to thisvariable spacing, as can best be seen in the views of FIGS. 1 and 2.

There is shown in FIG. 3 a modified arrangement which is generallysimilar to FIG. 2 except that the brake shoe assemblies generallyindicated at 70 are secured by fastening devices 72 to the inner surfaceof the stationary dust collar 52 and the brake shoes 74 carried by theradially inner end of the leaf springs 76, ride against the outersurface of skirt 58. In the embodiment of FIG. 3, the leaf springs 76are biased radially inwardly and cause the brake shoes 74 to exert abraking force which opposes the counterclockwise motion of crusher head18 due to hearing drag with respect to the counterclockwise rotatingeccentric 26. It will be noted that in the embodiment of FIG. 3, wherethe leaf spring assembly is anchored to the stationary dust collar, thatthe two fastening devices 72 by means of which the brake shoe assemblyis anchored to dust collar 52 lead the brake shoe 74 with respect to thedirection of rotation of the crusher head 18 which it is desired toprevent.

It can be seen from the foregoing that there is provided in accordancewith this invention an improved braking arrangement for preventingundesirable spinning or rotation of a gyratory crusher head under idlingor noload conditions, while at the same time permitting a retrogrademovement of the crusher head under load conditions. The braking assemblyof the invention is relatively inexpensive and easy to install andprovides an efficient braking action.

While there have been shown and described particular embodiments of theinveniton, it will be obvious to those skilled in the art that variouschanges and modifications may be made therein without departing from theinvention and, therefore, it is aimed to cover all such changes andmodifications as fall within the true spirit and scope of the invention.

The embodiments of the invention in which an exelusive property orprivilege is claimed are defined as follows:

1. A gyratory crusher comprising a frame, a bowl liner mounted on saidframe, an eccentric supported for rotation by said frame, means forrotating said eccentric, a crusher head, bearing means between saideccentric and said crusher head whereby rotation of said eccentricimparts gyratory movement to said crusher head, means for braking saidcrusher head against rotation with said eccentric comprising a brakeassembly including a brake shoe and spring means for biasing said brakeshoe, means cooperating with said brake assembly comprising a downwardlydepending skirt portion carried by said cnisher head, a dust collarmounted on said frame in radially spaced relation to said skirt portion,said dust collar including a peripheral surface facing a peripheralsurface of said skirt portion, said brake assembly being mounted betweensaid surfaces with said spring means being supported by one of saidsurfaces and with said brake shoe engaging the other of said surfacesand 'being frictionally biased toward said other surface by said springmeans in a direction which resists rotation of said crusher head in thesame direction as the direction of rotation of said eccentric.

2. A gyratory crusher as defined in claim 1 in which said spring meansis a leaf spring.

3. A gyratory crusher as defined in claim 1 in which said skirt portionhas a peripheral groove thereon and said spring means is supported atone of its ends in said groove.

4. A gyratory crusher as defined in claim 3 in which said spring meansis a leaf spring.

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 10 ROBERT c. RIORDON, PrimaryExaminer D. G. KELLY, Assistant Examiner US. Cl. X.R.

